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中國冷鏈物流網

A Solution for Loneliness孤獨感的解決方案

時間:2023-03-29 14:52:10來源:admin01欄目:餐飲美食新聞 閱讀:

 

I was riding a bus recently and noticed an older man sitting outside a coffee shop on a busy sidewalk. He had set up a chessboard on the table in front of him, and he watched as people passed by, mostly engrossed in their phones. His eyes kept jumping from person to person, searching for someone to notice and join him for a game of chess. Right before the traffic cleared and my bus moved on, he reached over to make the first move, and then resumed his searching.

最近我正在乘公共汽車,看見一個老人坐在一家咖啡館外面的繁忙的人行道上。他在他面前的桌子上放了一個棋盤,他看著人們從他身邊走過,大部分時間都全神貫注地盯著他們的手機。他的眼睛不停地從一個人跳到另一個人,尋找一個人注意他,并和他一起下一盤棋。就在交通清零,我的公共汽車向前駛去時,他伸手第一個動作,然后繼續尋找。

Loneliness is rampant, and it’s killing us—literally. Anywhere from one quarter to one half of Americans feel lonely a lot of the time, which puts them at risk for developing a range of physical and mental illnesses, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and depression. This is a public health problem that needs to be addressed on a wide scale.

孤獨是猖獗的,而且它正在殺死我們——毫不夸張。在任何地方,四分之一到一半的美國人都會感到很孤獨,這使得他們面臨著患上一系列身體和精神疾病的風險,包括心臟病、癌癥、糖尿病和抑郁癥。這是一個需要在更大范圍內解決的公共衛生問題。

But at the individual level, there is much we can do to ward off loneliness. One strategy is to bring a chessboard to a busy street and wait for someone to play with you. For the older man’s sake, I sincerely hope that this is effective, but I can’t be sure.

但是在個人層面上,我們可以做很多事情來避開孤獨。一種策略是把棋盤帶到一條繁忙的街道上,等著有人和你一起玩。為了老人的緣故,我真誠地希望這是有效的,但我不能肯定。

Another strategy is to volunteer. In a recent survey of over 10,000 people in the UK, two-thirds reported that volunteering helped them feel less isolated. Similarly, a 2018 study of nearly 6,000 people across the US examined widows who, unsurprisingly, felt lonelier than married adults. After starting to volunteer for two or more hours per week, their average level of loneliness subsided to match that of married adults, even after controlling for demographics, baseline health, personality traits, and other social involvement. These benefits may be especially strong the older you are and the more often you volunteer.

另一個策略是做志愿者。在最近對英國1萬多人進行的一項調查中,三分之二的人報告說,志愿服務讓他們感覺不那么孤立。類似的,2018年一項針對全美近6000人的研究調查了這些寡婦,不出所料,她們比已婚成年人感到孤獨。在開始每周做兩個或更多小時的志愿者后,即使在控制了人口統計學、基線健康、個性特征和其他社會參與之后,他們的孤獨感水平也下降到與已婚成年人相當。這些好處可能是特別強大,你是老年人和更經常你自愿。

Participating in volunteer opportunities may help alleviate loneliness and its related health impact for several reasons. The first and most obvious is that it’s a meaningful way to connect with others and make new friends. I experienced this firsthand when I moved to San Francisco and knew almost no one. After joining a young professionals volunteer group, getting involved with a local nonprofit serving seniors and adults with disabilities, and both organizing and assisting with neighborhood events, I felt my own sense of community and social support increase dramatically.

參與志愿活動可能有助于減輕孤獨感及其相關的健康影響,原因有幾個。首先也是最明顯的一點是,它是一種與他人聯系并結交新朋友的有意義的方式。當我搬到舊金山時,我親身體驗到了這種體驗,幾乎沒有人認識。在加入了一個年輕的專業志愿者組織,加入了當地一家為殘疾老人和殘疾成年人服務的非盈利組織,并協助了社區活動之后,我感覺到自己的社區和社會支持感顯著增強。

Second, volunteering can make up for the loss of meaning that commonly occurs with loneliness. Research using the UCLA Loneliness Scale and Meaning in Life Questionnaire has shown that more loneliness is associated with less meaning. This makes sense, given our deeply rooted need for belonging. By volunteering for social causes that are important to us, we can gain a sense of purpose, which in turn may shield us from negative health outcomes. For example, purpose in life has been linked to a reduced likelihood of stroke and greater psychological well-being.

第二,志愿服務可以彌補因孤獨而產生的意義的喪失。研究使用加州大學洛杉磯分校的孤獨量表和生活意義問卷顯示,更多的孤獨感與更少的意義有關。這是有道理的,因為我們對歸屬感有著根深蒂固的需求。通過自愿參加對我們很重要的社會事業,我們可以獲得一種目標感,這反過來又可以保護我們免受負面的健康后果。例如,生活中的目標與減少中風的可能性和更好的心理健康有關。

Third, loneliness and isolation can lead to cognitive decline, such as memory loss. But according to the neuroscientist Lisa Genova, people who regularly engage in mentally stimulating activities build up more neural connections and are subsequently more resilient to symptoms of Alzheimer’s. So, volunteering is one way to stay engaged and stimulated, rather than isolated and lonely, and thereby protect against cognitive decline.

第三,孤獨和孤立會導致認知能力下降,比如記憶力喪失。但神經學家莉薩·諾瓦認為,經常從事精神刺激活動的人可以建立更多的神經聯系,從而對老年癡呆癥的癥狀有更強的抵抗力是的。因此,志愿服務是一種保持參與和刺激的方式,而不是孤立和孤獨,從而保護人們免受認知能力的衰退。

These insights may be especially relevant for the growing senior population. By 2030, one in five residents in the US will be of retirement age, may no longer have work to provide purpose and connection, and will be prone to isolation due to increased physical limitations and loved ones passing away. Given that loneliness seems to be most prevalent among those over 65 and under 25 years old, mentoring across ages could be a powerful way to volunteer and connect. Indeed, I recently experimented with hosting an intergenerational friendship gathering and found that it left baby boomers and millennials—not to mention me—feeling gratified.

這些見解可能與日益增多的老年人口尤為相關。到2030年,美國五分之一的居民將達到退休年齡,可能不再有工作來提供目的和聯系,而且由于身體限制的增加和親人的去世,他們很容易被孤立。考慮到孤獨感在65歲以上和25歲以下的人群中似乎是最普遍的,跨年齡的指導可能是一種強有力的志愿和聯系方式。的確,我最近嘗試過主辦代際友誼聚會,結果發現,這讓嬰兒潮一代和千禧一代——更不用說我——感到欣慰了。

I wish I could have stopped my bus and skipped my plans that day to play chess with the older man. He struck me as a symbol of our times: people wanting desperately to connect—not through a screen, but face-to-face, with others from their community. Now more than ever, we have a real need and opportunity to build a culture of social health, one interaction at a time. Volunteering is a great way to start.

我真希望那天能停下車去,跳過了我的計劃和那位老人下國際象棋。他給我的印象是我們這個時代的一個象征:人們迫切地渴望聯系而不是通過屏幕,而是面對面地與來自他們社區的其他人建立聯系。現在,我們比以往任何時候都更需要和機會建立一種社會健康的文化,一次互動。志愿工作是一個很好的開始方式。

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